Quantum computers have the capability to break existing encryption systems, and this is not just an assumption but an imminent threat. Then, how are governments and businesses responding to this threat? What technological and policy efforts are needed to prepare for this new era?
Most security systems we use today are built on mathematically complex problems. Encryption algorithms such as RSA, ECC (Elliptic Curve Cryptography), and Diffie-Hellman key exchange require computations that are difficult for classical computers to solve. However, if a quantum computer capable of executing Shor’s Algorithm emerges, these encryption methods could be decrypted in just a few seconds.
When quantum computers become a reality, various security issues may arise, including data breaches, financial security threats, national security risks, and supply chain attacks. To prevent this, countries worldwide are developing Post-Quantum Cryptography (PQC), and the U.S. National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) has announced new PQC standards in 2024 to select encryption algorithms that will replace current systems.
To counter the security threats posed by quantum computing, governments worldwide are implementing strategic measures. The United States has established a national quantum security strategy and is promoting the adoption of PQC in government institutions. The European Union is investing heavily in quantum technology research. China has launched the world’s first quantum encryption satellite and is building a quantum network. South Korea is also reviewing the adoption of quantum security technology, focusing on the financial sector and public institutions.
As the world strives to secure quantum technology, NVIDIA CEO Jensen Huang recently expressed skepticism about the timeline for quantum computing, stating, “It is likely to take 20 years before useful quantum computers emerge.” In contrast, Mitra Azizirad, Head of Strategic Missions and Technologies at Microsoft, emphasized, “This year marks the beginning of quantum computing readiness, and we are at the doorstep of a reliable quantum computing era,” urging businesses to prepare for the quantum computing age. While experts hold differing views on commercialization timelines, they generally agree on the necessity of security preparedness.
I believe the solution lies in Quantum Cloud Computing. This technology enables cloud-based access to quantum computing, allowing researchers and businesses to utilize quantum computers without the need for expensive infrastructure. Similar to traditional cloud computing, it allows quantum computations to be performed remotely without owning a physical quantum computer, accelerating the commercialization of quantum computing. IBM, Google, and Amazon AWS are already offering quantum cloud services to select companies and institutions. Quantum cloud technology will be the driving force behind the mass adoption of quantum computing.
To prepare for the quantum computing era, individuals should establish a Post-Quantum Cryptography (PQC) transition plan, strengthen data protection strategies, and consider adopting quantum security networks. It is also recommended to stay updated on the latest security technologies and standards and actively implement them.
For businesses, survival will depend on the adoption of quantum technology. Companies that can afford quantum cloud computing services will sustain themselves, while those that cannot may struggle to survive. The initial costs of launching IT services are expected to rise significantly, and the emergence of diverse venture startups, as seen today, may become rarer in the future.
Governments must establish quantum computing cloud infrastructure at the national level. It is essential to supply quantum technology sufficiently to domestic businesses and professionals to secure competitiveness in future data-driven warfare. Additionally, early investments in telecommunications, semiconductors, and computing technologies must be made as preparatory measures.
Quantum computing is a technology that will undoubtedly bring both opportunities and challenges across industries. Leading in quantum technology development would be ideal, but if that proves difficult, securing at least a minimal level of quantum capability through international cooperation will be essential. At the corporate level, forming strategic alliances to build quantum infrastructure could be a viable solution.
The critical question is not when the quantum era will arrive, but rather whether we are prepared for it. This fundamental decision will determine the future of nations and businesses alike.
[Series] Quantum Computing①: Innovation or Threat?
LINK : https://eddy-vortex.org/1906
[Series] Quantum Computing②: Quantum Technology Will Become a Government Welfare Service in the Future.
LINK : https://eddy-vortex.org/1916
- [Series] Quantum Computing①: Innovation or Threat?
- [Series] Quantum Computing②: Quantum Technology Will Become a Government Welfare Service in the Future.
- [Series] Quantum Computing③, How Quantum Will Change Our Space and Time
